It is known that interdog aggression is separate from aggression towards humans. You should consult your veterinarian regarding your dog's aggressive behavior in order to rule out potential medical causes, because there are more than 50 medical problems which can cause aggression.
Often it is very difficult for us humans to read the body language of dogs that are highly likely to or have intentions to attack us. These signals are not exhibited in the same way by different breeds; an erect tail cannot be seen as readily in a dog such as an Akita or Chow which has a curling tail, pulled-back ears are less visible in a dog that has drooping ears like a Weimaraner, and raised hackles can be difficult to see clearly in a Collie or other long-haired breed.
Most of the victims of dog attacks are members of the family, neighbors or friends of the owner. Attacks occur more often in cities or towns instead of more rural areas due to overcrowding. The sad thing is that children are often the victims. The frequency of surgery for facial reconstruction for young children isn't nearly as much for car and other accidents as it is for dog aggression.
Obviously, if a dog was bred to guard, we cannot be surprised that it is aggressive, and does guard. We cannot be completely surprised if dog guards and behaves aggressively as it is trained to do so.
You won't usually see a dog attack suddenly without an apparent reason; these types of attacks are virtually unknown. How many times have you heard "Oh, he never does that!” when a dog attacks you? I knew a woman who said that after her dog attacked me. This woman may need to be tested for Alzheimer's after the dog did it again and she uttered the same thing.
Some people refuse to believe that their dog is behaving badly. They may make excuses based on their perception of the breed, thinking that an aggressive Terrier, nipping Collie or a growling miniature breed is behaving appropriately. This way of thinking means that the dog is not checked when the behavior is first noticed, allowing it to become stronger and eventually impossible to eliminate.
There are many categories of aggression, including predatory, territorial, protective, sexual, and nervous/fear aggression, but perhaps the most common is fear based. Keep in mind that it is unlikely for a dog to have just one of these problems, and a very dangerous combination is dominant and nervous/fear aggression. Aggressiveness usually is a consequence of game play in the animal's early life, especially with other dogs in the home, as well as interaction with other canines.
Being a responsible owner and controlling even playful behavior allows the owner to exercise control over their dog, aiding in improving on unacceptable behaviors. Non-neutered males are the most likely to demonstrate dominance aggression, exhibiting this behavior more often than neutered males or females. It's likely that this is controlled via androgen, as females that show aggressive behavior and are spayed get more aggressive. Dominance aggression and protective aggression are ranked as the first and second most common reasons for treatment by behaviorists.
Aggression between dogs is usually a social problem that may arise between dogs in the same household; while never caused by hormones, it often starts at age 18 to 24 months, when the dog becomes socially mature. The dog will behave in reaction to what the other dog did, when the dog is challenged by a stare or a bump or body block.
When strange dogs meet and fight, they are most often responding in a form of protective aggression, although lead aggression can sometimes play a part in this as well. One key factor of interdog aggression is that aggressive intentions are not shown to any other animals. The dog may get along fine with different species from itself such as cats or horses. One trigger of protective aggression in dogs is unexpected, sudden movement. The dog often inhibits this behavior when its owners are not there to be protected, or if they are in a strange place such as a dog show. Dominance aggression may have a genetic component and occurs much more often in males -- who account for 90% of all cases -- then becomes evident with social maturity at 18 to 24 months, worsening with acts of punishment. This form of aggression can be found as early as the 8 week puppy test. If aggression is identified at a very young age, early intervention can save the dog, but not all dogs with dominant aggression are able to be diagnosed as such at only 8 weeks of age.
Most dogs occasionally show signs of territorial aggression, such as barking when someone comes to the door, near your car, or walks past on the sidewalk. Every social animal will occasionally demonstrate aggression as a means of protection. Fences, especially electric ones, and chains intensify this by allowing the animal to constantly stand guard and defend. Another contributing factor is evident when guests are met at the front door while the dog is being restrained by his collar.
There is more growling, snarling, biting and staring for dominance aggression in contrast to protective aggression. When dogs bark, it signifies protective aggression; for example, consider a dog barking when a person passes a garden.
Dominance aggression is known to be a concept of control and is different from possession of objects (food aggression) or challenges (will the dog get off of that sofa or will it growl?). Dominance aggressions is likely to happen with men owners who like to have their dogs "big and tough" and also some breeds are just more likely to be diagnosed with it.
However, the worst cases of dominant aggressive dogs are often small dogs such as Toy Poodles, Shih Tzus or Chihuahuas, as their behavior is often tolerated by the owners as innocent and playful. Over fifteen actions can be used to reduce dominant aggression; these include bending over them, signaling with the leash, staring fixedly, or pushing on their behinds. There are approximately 20 signs that the dog will become dominant aggressive, including actions that seem innocent and may even be freely permitted for small breeds: leaning against you, standing on your feet, jumping into your lap without permission or blocking your passage through a doorway.
Dogs that have dominance or control complex aggression are categorized as those who consider themselves "alphas" who can control others to get their way, generally a poor prognosis. There are also dogs who exhibit potential for aggressive behavior.
First, even though a dog may exhibit some types of aggressive behavior, dominance aggression, which is about control, may not occur.
Second, the dog's behavior is permitted by the owner, progressing through various types of dominance aggression such as leaning, pushing, jumping into someone's lap without permission or standing on a person. The dog then thinks it's the boss, similar to situations where adolescents may talk back to test their boundaries. These dogs have variances in behavior based on exposure to a given individual. The dog might not show aggression with an expert trainer, since the trainer is the boss; or, when the dog is eating, it might not bark at those passing by. The dog will choose the time when it doesn't want to react and the times it wants to interrupt or inhibit aggressive beahaviour. This is the kind of dog that it is easiest to work with, since the animal is able to take cues from context and then behave properly.
However, the role of genetics in this behavior is difficult, if not impossible to determine because behavioral development is also largely based on environmental influences. In the case that the dog had a genetic tendency but its owner trained it well from puppyhood, for example not to bark at the door, it may never express the behavior. There can also be times when a dog that is genetically less likely but encouraged to exhibit the behaviour becomes a huge problem.
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Sunday, 10 August 2008
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